数据管理与数据治理的比较分析及其对制定科学数据开放共享政策的启示     

盛小平  宋大成 《图书情报工作》2020,64(22):4-10

[目的/意义] 比较分析数据管理与数据治理差异与联系，为制定科学数据开放共享政策提供参考。[方法/过程] 运用比较分析法，解析数据管理与数据治理在定义与内涵、功能、目标、原则、焦点领域5个方面的异同，由此解析其对制定我国科学数据开放共享政策的启示。[结果/结论] 数据管理与数据治理在定义与内涵、功能、目标、原则、焦点领域上都有显著差异，但两者也有内在联系。数据治理是成功实施数据管理的关键。认清两者的关系有助于明晰目前我国科学数据管理政策的不足之处，为今后完善科学数据管理办法提供参考，从而规划与制定实用的科学数据开放共享细则。  相似文献   

美国大学图书馆馆藏资源组织进展     

蔡颖  蔡迎春 《图书馆论坛》2020,(6):166-173

文章对美国大学图书馆在信息资源组织与利用方面的创新与实践进行梳理总结,以期为国内图书馆的资源建设提供借鉴。选取美国顶尖的11所大学图书馆作为考察对象,重点介绍它们在馆藏特色文献数据化、资源多样化收集与元数据整合、数字资源全生命周期管理方面的特色和进展。图书馆在资源服务方面所扮演的角色在不断演变,美国大学图书馆正借助先进的信息生产、存储和传递技术,向着实现信息资源共建、共知和共享的目标迈进。国内图书馆需要关注新兴技术,加强特藏资源开发,促进纸质与数字资源融合,优化数字资源业务流程。  相似文献   

Where are we now? A review of research on the history of women's soccer in Ireland     

Helena Byrne 《Sport in History》2019,39(2):166-186

ABSTRACT

It is a common fact that women's sport and leisure history, especially in male dominated spheres, and more specifically football, have been ignored by many academics. However, in recent years there have been major developments in digital technology that have changed the nature of the type of research that can be done. Access to tools to facilitate field research are relatively cheap and with the high volume of digitisation projects that have taken place over the last few years as well as the increasing number of born digital resources that have been published, there are new opportunities. In relation to women's soccer in Ireland, this paper asks the question – where are we now? The argument will review the current literature on this subject and outline potential approaches for future research.  相似文献   

我国高校知识产权信息服务现状、困境及对策     

杜娟娟  张柏秋 《图书情报工作》2019,63(23):44-51

[目的/意义] 知识产权是经济、科技和文化实力的重要体现，已经成为各国竞相争夺的战略性资源。在建设知识产权强国背景下，急需提升高校知识产权信息服务的能力和水平，支撑高校科技创新和"双一流"建设。[方法/过程] 通过对高校知识产权信息服务工作的现状进行分析，总结高校开展知识产权信息服务工作面临的问题，并提出解决对策。[结果/结论] 针对高校知识产权信息服务面临的困境，提出改变科研评价导向，加强知识产权信息资源建设，构建知识产权信息服务标准体系，加大人才培养力度，贯通产学研全链条，有效运用大数据、人工智能技术的建议。  相似文献   

The effect of toxicity on COVID-19 news network formation in political subcommunities on Reddit: An affiliation network approach     

《International Journal of Information Management》2021

Political polarization remains perhaps the “greatest barrier” to effective COVID-19 pandemic mitigation measures in the United States. Social media has been implicated in fueling this polarization. In this paper, we uncover the network of COVID-19 related news sources shared to 30 politically biased and 2 neutral subcommunities on Reddit. We find, using exponential random graph modeling, that news sources associated with highly toxic – “rude, disrespectful” – content are more likely to be shared across political subreddits. We also find homophily according to toxicity levels in the network of online news sources. Our findings suggest that news sources associated with high toxicity are rewarded with prominent positions in the resultant network. The toxicity in COVID-19 discussions may fuel political polarization by denigrating ideological opponents and politicizing responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, all to the detriment of mitigation measures. Public health practitioners should monitor toxicity in public online discussions to familiarize themselves with emerging political arguments that threaten adherence to public health crises management. We also recommend, based on our findings, that social media platforms algorithmically promote neutral and scientific news sources to reduce toxic discussion in subcommunities and encourage compliance with public health recommendations in the fight against COVID-19.  相似文献   

改革开放40年高等体育教育资源优化配置的社会学审视     

张孔军  钱娅艳 《北京体育大学学报》2019,42(2):103-114

摘要：我国高等体育教育资源优化配置研究引入社会学视角理论与方法，理论与实践均取得专家的认同。运用文献资料法、专家访谈法和实地考察法等方法发现，在计划经济体制下我国高等体育教育资源配置主体单一性、手段行政化和政治倾向性强，凸显出高等体育教育资源配置缺乏激励机制和市场竞争机制的问题，造成高等体育教育资源配置成本最大化和社会效应的最小化问题较多。自改革开放以来,随着我国市场经济体制的建立为高等体育教育资源优化配置提供了难得的发展机遇，我国高等体育教育资源配置取得了明显成效，但仍然存在高等体育教育资源配置机制滞后、体制机制改革创新步伐缓慢、高等体育教育资源配置不合理以及民办普通高校体育教育资源配置严重不足等问题。据此，从社会学研究的视角，提出了构建多主体推动高等体育教育资源优化配置创新的发展模式、多元化高等体育教育资源优化配置资金投入的保障体系、高等体育教育资源优化配置均衡发展的运行机制和大学城体育教育资源“共建共享”的创新发展模式的新时代我国高等体育教育资源优化配置的发展策略，旨在服务新时代全民健身与全民健康深度融合发展，“推动构建人类命运共同体”发展目标的实现。  相似文献   

工作资源对高校图书馆员敬业度影响机制的实证研究     

康超群  杨晴 《图书情报工作》2019,63(17):69-76

[目的/意义]探讨工作资源对高校图书馆员敬业度的影响与机制，以期为高校图书馆实施人力资源管理和提升图书馆员的敬业度提供参考。[方法/过程]选取湖南各高校图书馆的358名馆员为研究对象，考察工作资源对高校图书馆员敬业度的预测作用以及心理资本与组织承诺在两者之间的中介作用。[结果/结论]描述性统计与差异分析、相关分析和逐步回归分析的结果表明，不同性别的高校图书馆员在组织承诺量表得分上存在显著性差异，男性馆员组织承诺得分显著高于女性，不同性别馆员在其余得分上均不存在显著性差异。不同婚姻、年龄、学历、职位、职称者在各量表得分上均不存在显著性差异。高校图书馆员工作资源、心理资本、组织承诺与敬业度的两两相关都达到统计显著性水平。工作资源对高校图书馆员的敬业度具有正向预测作用，心理资本和组织承诺能够在工作资源对高校图书馆员敬业度的影响中起部分中介作用。丰富高校图书馆员工作资源，增进其组织支持感，增强其心理资本和组织承诺，是促进高校图书馆员敬业度提升的有效路径。  相似文献   

科学数据共享研究现状与展望   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

毕达天  曹冉  杜小民 《图书情报工作》2019,63(24):69-77

[目的/意义] 分析科学数据共享的研究现状及其发展趋势，为促进国内相关理论研究与实践进展提供参考。[方法/过程] 通过对国内外文献进行梳理和归纳，提炼出与科学数据共享研究相关的三大类主题：科学数据共享发展需求、科学数据管理共享模式与机制和科学数据服务共享度与服务效果，并构建科学数据共享管理分析框架，该框架体现上述三类主题之间的因果关联，强调科学数据共享管理与服务的合理面、重要度、关键性。[结果/结论] 国内外现有研究尚存不足，未来研究在加强实证研究、着眼管理机制完善的同时，还需注重共享服务模式的创新。  相似文献   

以需求为引领的中职应用语文课程建设及教学资源的开发与应用     

罗予 《教育教学论坛》2020,(18):369-370

基于岗位需求,以"够用、适用"为应用语文建设的原则,构建"项目引领、任务驱动"应用语文,开发适用理实一体化、线上线下混合的教学模式的教学资源,进行教学手段与方法的改革,设计课程教学方案流程,提高应用语文有效性。  相似文献   

Intercultural contacts and acculturation resources among International students in Australia: A mixed-methods study     

《Int J Intercult Relat》2020

This paper explores the impact of acculturation conditions, orientations and outcomes on international students in Australia’s tertiary education sector. Specifically, we investigate the factors that facilitate or hinder acculturation of international students within a multidimensional acculturation context (Arends-Tóth & van de Vijver, 2006). We used a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design in two studies to investigate acculturation of international students at an Australian university and test how these factors are related to psychological and sociocultural outcomes. In Study 1, we conducted a generic qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with a conventional content analyses approach,which compared the experiences of international students who on average had high numbers of positive experiences versus those who had high numbers of negative experiences. We found that a support network of mixed-nationals, and especially host locals, facilitates positive psychological and sociocultural adjustment, and buffers acculturative stress. Study 2 quantitatively tested the association of factors found in Study 1 (perceived stereotypes, intercultural and ethnic network/resources) with psychological and sociocultural acculturation outcomes. Study 2, shows that perceived negative stereotypes loosen ties with the dominant (host) culture and reinforces ties with the ethnic (non-host) culture. The social resources associated with either culture was found to be useful for acculturation, with both independently contributing to participant well-being. Contact with host locals played a particularly crucial role in developing these resources. Our findings provide foundations for pragmatic policy implications, suggesting value in the development of formally organized contact programs in the early sojourn experience of international students.  相似文献